Principle of LED light emission

The most important luminous structure of LED lamp is the lamp bead. Although it seems that the volume of the lamp bead is very small, the structure is very complex. After we enlarge the structure of LED bulb, we will find the chip with particle size inside. The structure of this wafer is large and difficult to imagine. It is usually divided into several layers. The longest layer is called p-type semiconductor layer, the middle is called light-emitting layer, and the bottom is called n-type semiconductor layer.

Then, after understanding the structure of the lamp bead, we can take a look at the principle of LED light emission. From the perspective of physics, when the current passes through the chip, the electrons in the n-type semiconductor collide and recombine violently with the p-type electrical conductor in the light-emitting layer to produce photons, and finally emit energy in the form of photons, which is what we often call light.

LED lamps are also called light-emitting diodes. Because LED lamps are very small and fragile, it is not convenient for us to use them directly, so the designer added a protective shell to seal the LED lamps inside. After we put together multiple strings of LED beads, we can design all kinds of LED lamps.

LED lights with different colors are produced by different semiconductor materials. We often see red, green, blue and yellow, etc. until now, no semiconductor material can emit a white light source.